MIPS Context - Assembly & ISA

MIPS Register

General Purpose Registers

• Number: 32 general-purpose registers
• Naming: name or number followed by $
  • With register number: $0, $1, $2, … , $31
  • With conventional names: $zero, $at, …

Special Registers

• Program Counter (PC)
• HI, LO registers for multiplication & division (See: Arithmetic Operation)

MIPS Memory Layout

• Stack Segment:
  • Save register values of the subroutines when recursion
• Data Segment:
  • Store global variables and static variables
• Text Segment:
  • Contains program code to be executed by CPU

MIPS Instructions

MIPS Reference Sheet.pdf

Instruction Types

J-type Instruction

I-type Instruction

R-type Instruction

Instructions

ALU vs. Programmer’s View